OBESITY SURGERY ( Bariatric Surgery)

 

Obesity, diet programs, exercise or drug therapy are not a health problem that can be controlled individually.

This treatment is concerned with the possibility of taking back the weight.

 

Obesity surgery is the most effective method in the treatment of obesity. . In short, surgery is applied to terminate the obesity problem.


Obesity surgery is mainly based on two principles. The main goal of the Obesity surgery is  to reduce  the stomach volume and / or prevent malabsorption.

 

The obesity surgery can be applied in case of  if the patient is between 18-65 years old and has a obesity problem more than 5 years.

Obesity surgery  is a kind of surgical intervention applied to the patients having an excessive weight to loss them a weight. We also call it Bariatric Surgery  which comes from the word baros, which means weight in ancient Greeks.

Today, one of which is the result of increasingly widespread method of bariatric surgery is better than other methods applied. weight loss surgery is provided by significantly reducing the mortality rate. The biggest benefit is the reduction of diseases associated to obesity.

 

There are also cases  that are not appropriate for obesity surgery. These;

Contraindications

  • Severe eating disorder
  • Obesity continues with excessive alcohol intake
  • Serious systemic diseases
  • Diseases affecting the upper digestive tract
  • Need for regular use of antiinflammatory drugs

 

Methods used in obesity surgery;

Sleeve Gastrectomy

This surgery known as gastric tube surgery.. In this method, a certain portion of the stomach is surgically removed and left behind in the form of a stomach tube.. It only provides weight loss by reducing the amount of food eaten.

Gastric Bypass Surgery

Gastric bypass surgery is called surgery in which food intake is reduced and the absorption of food is reduced. In this surgery the stomach is reduced, both stomach and small intestine are disabled in terms of digestion and absorption. In particular, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, which we call classical bypass surgery is the operation with which the stomach volume is most minimized. Absorption is almost no controlling effect.

Duodenal Switch Surgery

The oldest of Obesity Surgery, providing the most powerful and long-term weight loss surgery and protecting it. No need to make any diet during whole lifetime This effect is due to strong absorption control.

It’s an obligation to take an intensive vitamin and mineral supply forever.

Patients who are scheduled to undergo obesity surgery are those who do not have any hormonal complaints and are unable to lose weight with diet, exercise, and medication, or who have returned their pounds.

The most important criteria for the application of the obesity surgery is the age limit. Obesity surgery can be applied to every patient between 15-65 years of age. Another important criteria is that the body mass index is over 40.

 

 

 

 

Surgery is not suitable for some obese patients. These:

  • If Thyroid gland laziness, cortisone use or obesity due to endocrine organ diseases disease has occurred ,
  • If there is an addiction to Drug, alcohol, and stimulant substances
  • If there is a serious psychiatric problem
  • If pregnancy is planned within 1 year, obesity surgery is not applied in these conditions.

 

Methods of obesity surgery can be examined under 3 headings:

1-Surgical attempts to restrict food intake.

2-Surgical interventions that reduce absorption.

3- Surgical interventions that reduce absorption and restrict food intake.

 

In the step of deciding to apply these surgical interventaions, the patient's condition and needs will be taken into consideration.

Post-operative pain is minimal. It passes by itself within 1-2 days and can be easily controlled with simple painkillers. Such surgery need to stay in the hospital for 2 or 3 days. 4 hours  after the operation, the patient can stand up. No probes are placed in the nose or urinary tract.

After obesity surgery, patients are advised to follow a diet and exercise program on a regular basis, and the success of the surgery is related to the patient's compliance with this plan. All patients who meet these conditions lose weight effectively. The target weight is reached within 1 to 1.5 years.

It is at least as important as surgical intervention to prevent the risk of re-weight gain after obesity surgery and to control obesity-related diseases. As a result, patients should be under regular check up and surveillance after surgery.

 

Benefits of obesity surgery

  • In obesity patients having a hypertension problems, there is a significant positive improvement in blood pressure   measurements after the surgery.
  • In obesity patients who has a diabetes Type 2, there is a  serious positive  improvements in blood sugar levels.
  • Reduced risk of Heart Disease.
  • Improves Sleep Apnea
  • Breathing becomes easy.

Obesity, which is one of the most important health problems of our age, is not enough to intervene with diet and exercise practices alone, should be supported by obesity surgery.


However, there are certain criteria for the application of this surgical interventions. If appropriate, the obesity surgery can increase the quality of life by having the target weight and prevent possible health problems.

After the application of the obesity surgery, more attention should be paid to nutrition and physical activities.